![]() A batter in a baseball game does not automatically swing when they see the baseball thrown to them by the pitcher. Consider this example of sensory integration. Integration occurs when stimuli received by sensory nerves are communicated to the nervous system and the information is processed, leading to the generation of a conscious response. Both parts of the nervous system must work correctly for healthy body functioning. The peripheral nervous system can be described as the communication network between the brain and the body parts. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of the neurological system outside of the brain and spinal cord, including the cranial nerves that branch out from the brain and the spinal nerves that branch out from the spinal cord. ![]() The brain can be described as the interpretation center, and the spinal cord can be described as the transmission pathway. The central nervous system (CNS) includes the brain and the spinal cord. See Figure 6.1 for an image of the entire nervous system. The nervous system is divided into two parts, the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Damage to the spinal cord, such as that caused by a motor vehicle accident or diving accident, will cause specific motor and sensory deficits according to the level where the spinal cord was damaged. For example, damage to specific areas of the brain, such as that caused by a head injury or cerebrovascular accidents (i.e., strokes), can cause specific deficits in speech, facial movements, or use of the extremities. ![]() This discussion will center on the use of prints depicting sixteenth-century kunst-und-wunderkammers as visual representations of mnemonic systems of organization.When completing a neurological assessment, it is important to understand the functions performed by different parts of the nervous system while analyzing findings. Essentially, the cabinet was a physical manifestation of the art of memory, the prints serving to outline the kunst-und-wunderkammer for the viewer to help them understand and mentally organize the collection. This method was part of a mnemonic practice called the “art of memory.” It is a memory device that allowed an individual to remember a large amount of information and retain it. These prints also served as a tool to assist viewers in learning the organization of the cabinet, allowing them to access the knowledge of the collector himself. The cabinet is best represented in prints as a way of visualizing the collection. It is also important to note that this practice was embraced not only in Northern Europe but also in Italy, where it was known as a studiolo. ![]() The kunst-und-wunderkammer or as it is known now, Cabinet of Curiosities, is a practice by aristocratic Northern European collectors to create an assemblage of artifacts from a collector’s travels as well as objects they commissioned for their collections. By analysing this apparently ‘hybrid’ system, this article aims at assessing the delicate moment in the history of scholarly knowledge management in which the art of memory ‘in decline’ and the humanist methods of learning ‘in rise’ fuse inextricably and collaborate creatively to assist the realization of the ideal encyclopedic knowledge in our mind. Illustrating how to construct the nearly unrealizable memory palaces consist of millions of loci, Schenkelius introduces at a certain point a kind of “methodus studiendi”, based on the division of materials and the dichotomic diagrams, to learn by heart quickly all the scholastic disciplines. From this point of view the Dutch mnemonist Lambertus Thomas Schenkelius (1547–c.1630), author of De memoria (1593), represents an emblematic figure (position?) that symbolizes on one hand the summit of the development of the art of memory, and on the other hand a transformation (or, even a collapse) of this intellectual device. This process, in a certain sense, invited the intellectuals to abandon the purely mental based method of traditional mnemonic and to utilize the so-called secondary memories such as commonplace books, index cards and Ramistic dichotomic diagrams. Toward the end of the century, then, this art reached the limit becoming almost impracticable just because of its extremely refined regulations that overloaded the mind. The classical art of memory, based on the Ciceronian system of loci and imagines, after its vigorous revival in the Renaissance, highly developed during the course of the Sixteenth century to satisfy various demands of the times.
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